Quant by Foxymoron

Years ago the only meaning of "quant" was a punting pole used by those going up and down our canals. And it was a useful word in Scrabble.

The computer era spawned a number of new words and quant was one of them. It is short for quantitative analysis and any trader in the stock market is familiar with it and the quant network.

In bridge, the word QUANT is used on convention cards most often to explain the raise of 1NT or 2NT to 4NT, and here it means quantitative. The convention card police asked me to explain QUANT on my card in the Camrose, which seemed very petty. Partner is invited to go to six or to pass. A more refined version deals with what happens if partner then bids at the five-level or six-level in a suit. The former is best played as the response to simple Blackwood, to avoid bidding a slam off two aces. The latter is usually played as showing a good 5-card suit which might play better than no-trumps. 

Shelley Shieff judged well on the following hand.

We had the simple auction 1NT-4NT-Pass and it transpired that 6NT needed the clubs to break 3-3, a 36% chance. Of course they did on this occasion and we scored well below average as many pairs just punted the slam. There was a certain irony that a quant was originally a punting pole. So, the operation was a success but the patient died.  This very old expression stems from 1829 in the US:

29 August 1829, Savannah Georgian (Savannah, GA), pg. 3, col. 1:

A successful operation!—A late paper has the following paragraph: “Amputation at the hip joint. This operation was performed about two months ago at Odinburgh (Edinburgh) by Mr. Liston. The operation was successful, but the patient died!“

Grand Scheme by Foxymoron

There was an exciting last board in an earlier match in the NICKO against Mike Bell's team, where the opponents had to find a successful lead against 7S Redoubled, and did so. Woodberry A thus found themselves in the NICKO plate, making a pleasant journey to Tunbridge Wells. This is one of the nicest clubs in Britain, a few minutes walk from the railway station, and with their own grandiose premises. 

There were not many swings in the match, with a game made in one room and a missed slam in the other room, but then a wild board occurred. Try it first as a play problem before you scroll down for the full hand. It is 7NT by South.

West led the king of clubs. As you can see there are 12 top tricks and an unlikely 3-3 diamond break would give you plenty of tricks. Declarer won the club lead and cashed the top diamonds discarding two clubs and a spade. Diamonds did not break so now declarer needed a diamond-spade squeeze but that did not work either and so he went one down, losing 17 IMPs against 6NT in the other room. What had he missed?

This was the full hand. There is no hurry to cash the top diamonds and declarer should first of all play six rounds of hearts discarding a club and three diamonds from South. Now declarer crosses to the ace of spades and cashes three top diamonds. West is squeezed in spades and clubs. If East were in sole guard of spades and diamonds, this would still work, as East would be squeezed in diamonds and spades on the last heart. Keeping the nine of clubs in dummy is the key to the hand.

At the table, West discarded the eight of clubs on the first diamond (!) but noticed that he had a diamond in with his hearts in time. The eight of clubs became a major penalty card and now declarer could have made the contract by playing a club to the nine. Of course this was an unlikely line, but the double squeeze was not.

Woodberry A, Lamford and Conway, Barnett and Bernard, ran out comfortable winners by 21 IMPs and now play away to Thame A in the next round.

Queen of Diamonds by Foxymoron

 

The playing card which seems to feature most in art is the queen of diamonds, a symbol of both wealth and greed. Surprisingly it is the playing card that features most often in tattoos as well. 

It is not my favourite card, and I failed to guess who had it in a hand from last week.

I opened 1H on the North hand, and playing fairly simple methods my partner could do little other than raise to 4H. This can be a bit weaker than South had, and I decided not to make a slam-try on the North hand. That was prudent, as I would probably not have made it. I would have led the queen of spades on the East hand, but Raoul Fishman led a trump. I won and played a second trump and now it looked normal to lead the king of diamonds and another diamond. 

West played low perforce, and I had to decide who had the lady. I could play the ace and ruff a diamond. This would make 12 if the diamonds were 3-3 and at least 11 if they were 4-2. I could ruff a club, ruff another diamond, ruff a club and discard a spade on the long diamond. Perhaps the best line.

But knowing that the queen of diamonds was indicative of greed, I decided to run the jack of diamonds. Now I would have made 13 if the diamonds were 3-3 with the queen onside, and still 12 if the diamonds were 4-2 with the queen on. Sadly, East won and now played a spade and the defence had two tricks. I was still hopeful that if East had the ace of spades he would not play one, but not to be. He led a spade and West won his ace.

The good result of only conceding -650 helped Raoul and his partner David Evans to a fine win.

Binkies by Foxymoron

The method of hand evaluation known as the Milton Work Count was deveioped for Auction Bridge, using the 4-3-2-1 system for ace, king, queen, jack. Sometimes ½ was used for a ten, and Milton Work wrote extensively on the subject in the early twentieth century. By the end of the century, Thomas Andrews had been exploring the inaccuracies of this system and published an article on his website entitled Binky Points. One of the prime advocates of this improved system of hand evaluation has been Brian "Binkie" Callaghan, the doyen of the Young Chelsea Bridge Club.

How did the sobriquet  "Binkie" come about? Well, not as some thought from Binkie Muddlefoot of Darkwing Duck fame. She is female, and doesn't look a bit like Brian Callaghan. 

Binkie Muddlefoot

Another possibility was Binky Barnes, a character in Arthur but that can be ruled out as it is spelt with a y at the end.

Binky Barnes

The truth is that it comes from the West End Theatre impresario who brought My Fair Lady and West Side Story to London.

Binkie Beaumont

So, how does the Binkie system work? Well, in Binkie's own words:  "It involves fractions, sixths, and includes the ten as follows: 4⅓, 2⅚, 1⅔, ⅚, ⅓. So aces are up ⅓, kings down ⅙, queens down ⅓, jacks down ⅙ and tens up ⅓. There are still 40 points in the deck to make it easy."

A hand this week at the Woodberry shows that a more accurate hand evaluation would have led to a good game being bid.

Let us look at the East hand first, after a pass by North. It has 14 "Miltons" but we can add ⅔ point for the two aces and ⅔ for the two tens, deduct ⅓ for the queen, and deduct ⅙ for the jack. That makes it 14⅚. A couple of other rules that are worth considering if you want refinement. Deduct ½ for 4-3-3-3 and add ½ for 5-3-3-2. Neither of those apply here. Having a doubleton queen or jack is a disadvantage, about ⅙ down. Finally three honours in the same suit is a bonus, about ⅙ up. The heart combination elevates the East hand to 15 points. After a few attempts you can get the Binkie count in about ten seconds.

I would have opened 1NT on the East hand, 15-17. West would have bid Stayman over that and bid game in no-trumps. The actual auction, 1C-1S-1NT showed 11-14 and now let us look at the number of binkies in the West hand. It has 11 HCP. We can add ⅓ for the ace, and deduct ⅓ for the two kings. So they cancel out. We add ⅓ for the ten and deduct ⅙ for the jack. So 11⅙. Only slightly better than the number of Miltons and at matchpoints one might well take the conservative view and pass. If partner has 11 or 12 points even 2NT might not make. But West was maximum for her pass, and East just about enough for a strong NT. The combination was a missed game.

How should the play go in 1NT (or 3NT) by East? Well on the diamond lead, declarer probably ducks in both hands and wins the second diamond in dummy and plays a heart to the ten. South will win and clear the diamonds. East will win and percentage in clubs is to run the queen but this is covered, and another heart finesse to the jack wins. Now declarer will lead a club to the nine but North wins and declarer is held to nine tricks. Many lines looking through the back of the cards lead to ten or eleven tricks, but not reaching game was a poor score.

Grand Canyon by Foxymoron

 A void in partner's suit makes it very hard to bid a grand slam, and, as a hand on Tuesday last showed, not that easy to bid a small slam.

Robots have no real problem with this hand, as they play what are called "Soloway Jump Shifts" after the US World Champion Paul Soloway who sadly died of a heart attack in 2007. Few know that his uncle was "Bugsy" Siegel, who saved his life in a swimming pool accident when Paul was three.

The BBO Robot plays Soloway Strong Jump Shifts by an unpassed hand in uncontested auctions. A jump shift shows one of the following types of hands:

1. Strong rebiddable suit, 17+ total points, 4+ controls (A=2, K=1), no side 4-card suit
2. Solid suit, 17+ total points, 4+ controls, may have a side 4-card suit
   
3. Rebiddable suit, 18+ HCP, 4+ controls, 5332 or 6322 shape.
4. Rebiddable suit, 17+ total points, 4+ controls, 4-card support for opener's suit.

And in case you forget, the Robot tells you what its bid means. And what your bids mean to it. But I digress.

South should open 1D, with a six-card suit and 11 points. Most responded 1H as North and South would probably rebid 2D. Now, at my table, my partner bid 3H which is non-forcing unfortunately and I put down the dummy. I sensed from the manner and tempo that it was probably intended as forcing, but both of those factors are what is known as "unauthorised information". So I decided to take my medicine, like  the swindler in Aesop's fable who produced fake medicine, and passed.

As North I think I would bid 6H on the second round. It is too difficult to find exactly where partner's values are to bid grand. The two that bid 6NT really were matchpoint maniacs, although they had 12 top tricks. How should the play go in 6H? Well, there are a few lines. Say East leads a passive trump. Now you can go hell for leather for 13, by cashing the three top spades throwing a club. You then cross to the king of clubs, throw a club on the ace of diamonds, cross to the ace of clubs and ruff a club. Return to North with a diamond ruff and claim.

The term "hell for leather" was first used in print in 1889 by Rudyard Kipling, specifically referring to riding a horse at breakneck speed. The leather in this case either refers to the leather in the saddle or the leather in the crop.

That line suffers badly if a top black winner gets ruffed, so the line  I prefer is to cross to the king of spades, play the ace of diamonds and ruff a diamond, cash the ace of spades, ruff the queen of spades, ruff a diamond and run the trumps squeezing West in the minors.

Finally a safe line is to draw trumps cash the king of spades, ace of diamonds and ruff a diamond, then cash the other top spades and trumps. Someone with the QJ of clubs and sole guard of diamonds will be squeezed. 

So three lines. One gung-ho and one belt and braces (or belt and suspenders for our US readers). Goldilocks would regard the third line as "just right", beating those in 6NT.

Mah Nà Mah Nà by Foxymoron

Most people will recognize the title of the blog as a Muppet song. By Piero Umiliani. Indeed it is the song with the fewest different words that has reached the top ten in Britain, peaking at number eight. We aren't taking up too much space giving the full lyrics. And each verse is the same!

Mahna Mahna Do doo be-do-do
Mahna Mahna Do do-do do 
Mahna Mahna Do doo be-do-do be-do-do be-do-do be-do-do-doodle do do do-doo do

What has this to do with bridge? Well, a hand on Tuesday intrigued me as only three of the ten pairs reached the normal contract of Four Hearts. Which should have been reached whether playing simple Stayman, puppet Stayman or muppet Stayman:

Nine of the ten pairs played in game, with only the Chairman, Ed Sanders playing with the treasurer, Kevin Robins, reaching slam as one of them was wearing his rose-coloured glasses. Liz and Andy Clery were the beneficiaries of this optimism and the resulting top helped them to a big 66%. 

East invariably opened 2C (or sometimes a Benjy 2D) and rebid 2NT to show a balanced 23-24. Some play that 2C-2D-2H shows either hearts or a balanced 23-24 and this is known as Kokish. Partner relays with 2S and 2NT then shows the balanced 23-24. There are versions with reverse Kokish so that 2H shows 25+ or hearts. Or, as I do with some partners, an opening 2NT can show 23-24 balanced.

After East has shown the strong balanced hand, West should bid some form of Stayman, invariably 3C. Now East will usually bid a 5-card major and bid 3D with one ore more four-card majors. Then West should show four spades, often by bidding 3H, which is the "muppet" element of the convention. East will bid 3NT and now West can complete the description with 4H which East will pass. At our table, we played simple stayman and played in 4H by East, in theory the top spot. Ken Barnett led an eccentric jack of clubs, and your author won and knocked out the ace of hearts. Chantal Girardin won and shifted to a diamond, East won, drew the trumps and finessed the nine of clubs. Now a spade to the ace, was followed by cashing the other high club, crossing to the king of diamonds and discarding a spade on the last club. A spade to South's king forced him to concede a ruff and discard. South had a chance to shine by unblocking the king of spades under the ace to avoid the endplay. Of course the unblock only gains if partner has the queen and ten of spades. And it would lose if declarer had the queen of spades, an unlikely scenario.

There is another interesting line of play which is called an "intra-finesse". I might have led a spade to the nine and if it forced the king or queen, I could potentially pin the doubleton ten on the way back. If South plays the king or queen, you can play him for KT or QT doubleton and this is the right play in isolation in the spade suit.

Twelve Tricks by Foxymoron

The Trojan Horse "Twelve Tricks" was one of the first viruses on the Internet, in 1990, and gets a Wiki page of its own. It changes one word in the boot sector of a computer and this causes chaos. Just as one wrong card in the play or one wrong bid in the auction causes chaos, as we know.

Making twelve tricks on both boards 7 and 8 last week would have been a very good score, as nobody bid the reasonable slam on either.

This was the first and David Schiff played it well, but normally, in 4H on a trump lead. He finessed the diamond and then finessed the queen of clubs. That lost but he could draw the other trumps and set up the long diamonds for twelve tricks and a good score.

Should one reach slam? I wonder. After three passes, East opened a strong NT and West bid Stayman. East responded 2H and now West might bid 3S, either a splinter or a good heart raise. East can ask which with 3NT and West's 4H says it was a splinter (he cues without). East might move on and the reasonable slam would be reached.

The very next board was another potential twelve tricks:

This time West opened 1C, as he was playing a strong NT, and East responded 1H, with which I agree. Majors before minors. West rebid 1NT and this time David Schiff bid 3NT which was not the top spot. He should enquire with 2C or 2D depending on methods. The latter is usually played as game-forcing checkback. West will bid 2H showing three hearts, and now East can bid 2S showing four spades. West will raise to game and East might move on. But the right line of ruffing two clubs in East would make twelve tricks for a very good result.

So, there is no need to bid slam. As long as you make twelve tricks, the Trojan Horse will do the work for you.